Importance in Europe

Importance in Europe

In Spain there are four official stock exchanges: oldest Barcelona (1915), Bilbao (1890) -the Madrid, created in 1831 and Valencia (1970). They essentially traded shares, but bonds (including convertible), subscription rights and warrants are also exchanged.

Shares listed on the Stock Exchange reached a significant portion of the financial assets of households in 1999, representing more than 30%, almost equated to the amounts invested in bank deposits, which, after ten years of downward trend influenced by -very declines in interest rates, the increased risk taking by investors and financial-wider range of products, rebounded in 2000 as a result of highly profitable deposits offered by financial institutions specializing in the operational Internet.

During the crisis in the stock markets from 2000 to March 2003 he was dented investment in the stock market, reducing the percentage owned by Spanish households in stocks to 21%. From 2004 he turned recover reaching 32% in 2008.

High growth and importance of the stock market as a destination for investment is mainly due to the following reasons:

- Reduction of interest rates and, consequently, reduced the profitability of fixed-income financial assets and bank deposits.

- Produced economic expansion, especially since 1996, which has provided greater financial capacity of families.

- High spreading the bag directly or indirectly through other financial products such as investment funds, structured products, etc.

- Privatization of public companies with high recognition (Repsol, Endesa, Telefonica, etc.).

- Increased financial literacy and therefore greater interest in financial markets and the assumption of greater risks.

- Just as some fashion that has led the investment in equities to many people, regardless of their age, social class, etc.

- Internet has also substantially favored the development of financial markets to obtain information (quotes, reports of domestic and foreign analysts, etc.), in many cases free of charge; and operate through the network, without having to physically go to banks or specialized entities operating in the financial markets, also improving costs for end investors.

The bag is considered a secondary market, ie a place or institution where financial assets that have already been issued prior to the primary market issuance or traded

NYSE

NYSE

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NYSE

New York Stock Exchange

NYC NYSE.jpg

Type Stock Exchange

New York City

Country Flag of the United States.svg USA

Foundation March 8, 1816 (199 years)

Duncan L. Niederauer key people (CEO)

Currency US Dollar

2,773 Listings

Market capitalization $ 10.8 billion (2009)

Volume US $ 22 billion (2006)

The Stock Exchange of New York (New York Stock Exchange, NYSE) is the largest market in the world in monetary volume and the first in number of affiliated companies. Its volume in shares was exceeded by that of NASDAQ [1] during the 90s, but the capital of companies listed on the NYSE is five times greater than the NASDAQ. The NYSE has an annual transaction volume of 21 billion dollars, including 7.1 billion of non-US companies.

It was created in 1817, when a group of stockbrokers was organized forming a committee called "New York Stock and Exchange Board" (NYS & EB) with the aim of controlling the flow of actions that, in those days, was freely negotiated and mainly across the street from Wall Street.

In 1918, after the First World War, it becomes the main broker in the world, overtaking the London Stock Exchange.

On Thursday October 24, 1929, thereafter called Black Thursday, there was one of the biggest falls in the stock market, which would produce the most important economic recession in the United States in the twentieth century, the "Great Depression" .

THE STOCK EXCHANGE OF DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

THE STOCK EXCHANGE OF DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

The Stock Exchange of Santo Domingo is a completely new identity in our country, constituting an activity that besides being new, lead to the creation of a new money market with a promising future.

The importance of establishing this market is that it contributes to national economic development, motorizing a move that would boost capital investment and would result in the transparency of operations, and also exert a competitive effect between banks by allowing bank financial intermediation and the creation of new companies in the future.

Although, it should be noted that the establishment of this market has found many disadvantages such as, half highly adverse macroeconomic environment and tax, financial mismanagement, business familiarity and other such annoyances there; precisely it needs addressing.

THE STOCK EXCHANGE OF SANTO DOMINGO

Origin of the Stock Exchange Santo Domingo

The Stock Exchange of Santo Domingo, is an idea that dates back to the early 1950s, but in 1884 our Commercial Code foresaw the emergence of this and it was not until 1953 that is approved and promulgated the Organic Law of the Stock Exchange in the country.

In 1982 the body was given to a management committee, but by 1987, the House conducted several studies-seminars and commissioned a feasibility study specialist Robert Bishop, ex - vice president of the stock exchange in New York and this was recommended establishment of a stock exchange in the Dominican Republic.

The Stock Exchange of Santo Domingo is a non-profit institution created by presidential decree no.544-88, dated November 25, 1988, under the auspices of the Chamber of Commerce and Production of the National District.

Formerly was the initiative of launching a body like this to regulate and maintain the functioning of the market. This began in 1956 with the creation of the National Stock Exchange and Technical supervised administratively by the Ministry of Finance, Law No.3553 known by May of that year.

This is a public institution that has never worked, although it is expected that in the future implement their operation.

Stock exchange

The stock exchange

The stock exchange is a private organization that provides tools for members, attending the mandates of its clients, and conduct negotiations enter orders to buy and sell shares, such as shares in companies or joint stock companies, public bonds and private facilities , degrees of participation and a wide range of investment instruments.

The trading of securities on the stock markets is based on a known and fixed prices in real time, in a secure environment for the activity of investors and where the mechanism is fully regulated transactions, ensuring the legality, security and transparency.

Stock exchanges strengthen capital markets and drive economic and financial development in most countries of the world where there are, in some cases for centuries, from the creation of the first institutions of its kind created in the first seventeenth century.

The institution stock exchange, in a complementary manner in the economy of the country tries to meet three main interests:

The company, because by placing its shares on the market and be purchased by the public, this gets the necessary funding to meet its goals and generate wealth.

The savers because these become investors and can obtain benefits from the dividends that accrue to them their actions.

The State, because, even in the stock market, has a means to finance and tackling public spending and advance new projects and outreach programs.

Participants in the stock market are basically the plaintiffs capital (companies, public or private organizations and other entities), capital suppliers (savers, investors) and intermediaries.

Securities trading on exchanges is done through exchange members, usually known by the name of brokers, licensed securities brokerage companies, brokerage firms, commission agents or operators, according to the description given in each country, who do their work in exchange for a commission. In many markets, other entities and individuals also have partial access to the stock market, as they are called to all activities of primary and secondary market transaction and placement of issues of equities and fixed income.

Today, the stock exchange systems operate with some forecasting methods that allow corporations and investors have a framework of how the market will behave in the future and therefore make good decisions portfolio. These systems operate on the basis of historical and mathematical data.

To list its securities on the Exchange, companies must first make public its financial statements, because through them we can determine the indicators to know the financial situation of the companies. Stock exchanges are regulated, supervised and controlled by nation states, although most of them were founded in pre-creation dates official supervisory bodies.

Several types of markets: the money market or money market, the stock market, the market of options, futures and derivatives, and commodity markets. They can be classified into organized markets and markets desk.